Knowledge

Welcome, dear Ratowacz, to our blog about first aid and saving lives. Every topic covered here concerns all of us in everyday life — regardless of social status or where we are.

During our training, additional issues and questions often come up, which we are happy to answer. Some only come to mind later, raise doubts or are not entirely clear — that is exactly why we created this blog.

The topics of our articles are based mainly on the issues and questions you raise during our training, as well as on news from the world of Safety and First Aid. All the information we share is based on the ERC 2025 Guidelines and current scientific articles.

Iza and Tomek

The Ratowacze training handbook – introduction

Practice on site, theory to take away – what can you expect on our first aid course?

The title “Practice on site, theory to take away” is not without reason: in October we launched a series of open first aid courses, available to anyone who wants to gain real skills and discover the Power to save lives. Together with it, we introduced something we had been working on for a long time: our own training handbook for our Participants. […]

Chapter XII – Medical emergencies – part 3 – diabetes – a metabolic disease

Chapter XII – Medical emergencies – part 3 – diabetes – a metabolic disease

What is diabetes? Diabetes is a metabolic disease characterised by a chronically high blood glucose level (hyperglycaemia), resulting from a defect in insulin secretion or action. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that plays a key role in carbohydrate metabolism – it helps glucose enter the body's cells. A lack of insulin or the body's resistance to it means

Chapter XII – Medical emergencies – part 2 – stroke – first aid at the highest level

Chapter XII – Medical emergencies – part 2 – stroke

What is a stroke and why does it require an immediate response? A stroke is a life-threatening condition in which the blood supply to a part of the brain suddenly stops. There are two main types of stroke: ischaemic (around 80–85% of cases), caused by a blood clot blocking a blood vessel, and haemorrhagic stroke (commonly called a brain bleed), resulting from a ruptured vessel wall and

Ratowacze Instructors showing the contents of a first aid kit to training Participants – illustration

We are launching a series of open first aid courses

Why come to a first aid course? We have launched a series of open courses – if you have never attended first aid classes, or have only been to ones built around a boring presentation – come to our open course! Book a whole day and we guarantee it will change your approach. Our mission is to build an aware

First aid for a heart attack – illustration

Chapter XII – Medical emergencies – part 1 – heart attack

what is a heart attack? A heart attack (myocardial infarction) is an immediately life-threatening condition in which part of the heart muscle suffers acute ischaemia and gradually dies. The most common cause is the sudden blockage of a coronary artery by a ruptured atherosclerotic plaque and a blood clot forming at that site. Heart cells deprived of blood and oxygen begin to die after just a dozen or so

We have received the Małopolska Standard of Educational and Training Services Certificate!

We have received the Małopolska Standard of Educational and Training Services Certificate!

We are delighted to announce that we have received the Małopolska Standard of Educational and Training Services (MSUES) Certificate. For us, this prestigious quality mark is direct confirmation of the highest quality of our services, fully in line with the Małopolska Standards of Educational and Training Services. The award was granted following a positive external audit. Using this mark is objective proof that

Chapter XI – First aid for hypothermia

Chapter XI – First aid for hypothermia

Hypothermia is a condition in which body temperature drops below 35°C. It happens when the body loses heat faster than it can produce it. Contrary to appearances, it does not only occur on cold winter days – excessive cooling also affects casualties in summer. Hypothermia should be suspected in a casualty who has been exposed to cold,

Chapter X – Choking

Chapter X – Choking

Choking and coughing on something are two seemingly similar conditions that are actually separated by a very thin but crucial line: whether the airway is open. In one case it is enough to encourage coughing; in the other, without your immediate reaction, the casualty may lose consciousness within tens of seconds. See what the difference is and how to respond correctly.

Recovery position – step 2: rolling the casualty onto their side

Chapter IX – Recovery position

The recovery position is the position in which you should place a casualty in whom you do not suspect injuries (e.g. from a fall from height or a serious road accident) and who is unconscious but breathing normally on their own. Its purpose is to prevent choking (e.g. on saliva or vomit) and to keep the airway open until the emergency services arrive. How to place the casualty in

First aid guide – the principles step by step

First aid guide by Ratowacze is a series of articles written by first aid Instructors, in line with the current guidelines of the European Resuscitation Council. Chapter by chapter we go through the principles of first aid – from assessing safety and the casualty's condition, through resuscitation and using an AED, to dealing with medical emergencies.

Principles of first aid – chapters of the guide

Beyond the guide, we write about, among other things, how an AED works, what the chain of survival is, how to give rescue breaths correctly and how to put together a kit for massive bleeding. In News you will find reports from events and news from our training.

An article cannot replace practice – chest compressions, applying a tourniquet or using an AED have to be tried hands-on. Join our first aid course, and if you are looking for training for a company, public office or school – see our training offer.

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Frequently asked questions (FAQ)

What are the basic principles of first aid?

First make sure you and the scene are safe, then assess the casualty – their response and breathing – and call for help on 112. If the casualty is not breathing normally, start cardiopulmonary resuscitation and use an AED as soon as possible.

How many compressions and breaths are given during CPR on an adult?

30 chest compressions to 2 rescue breaths, at a rate of 100–120 compressions per minute and a depth of 5–6 cm.

Can a person without medical training use an AED?

Yes – an AED is also designed for people without medical training. Once switched on, it gives voice prompts and assesses by itself whether a shock is needed.

Can I be held liable for giving first aid?

In Poland, a person giving first aid enjoys the legal protection granted to public officials (Article 5 of the State Emergency Medical Services Act). Failing to help a person in a situation of immediate danger to life, on the other hand, is a criminal offence (Article 162 of the Polish Criminal Code).

Where can I learn first aid in practice?

On our courses – open courses in Kraków and Niepołomice, or in-house training at the Client's premises all over Poland.

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